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French Guiana Cities with Hotels
 French Guiana, overseas department of France, situated on the northeastern coast of South America. It is bounded on the north by the Atlantic Ocean, on the east and south by Brazil, and on the west by Suriname. Among other offshore islands it includes the Îles du Salut, or Safety Islands, of which Devils Island is the best known. French Guiana is the oldest of the overseas possessions of France and the only French territory on the American mainland. It has an area of 91,000 sq km (35,135 sq mi). The capital, chief town, and main port is Cayenne, which had a population (1990) of 41,667.
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French Guiana
Land and Population
French Guiana lies in the equatorial forest zone of South America. It is separated from Brazil by the Tumuc-Humac mountain range on the south and by the Oyapock River on the east. The Maroni (Marowijne), Lětaně (Itany), and Awa rivers mark its boundary with Suriname on the west. The land rises from the low marshy coastal areas in the north, called the terres basses, through the broad central plateau, covered by dense tropical forest, to the terres hautes, or highlands, which ascend from foothills to the Eureupoucigne and Oroye ranges in the extreme south. The territory is well watered by numerous rivers that rise in the mountains and course northward to the Atlantic. The climate of French Guiana is tropical, with a mean annual temperature of 26.7° C (80° F). Cool, onshore breezes in the coastal zone fail to mitigate the effects of the high humidity. The dry season from June to November is succeeded by torrential rains achieving maximum intensity in April and May. The average annual rainfall at Cayenne is about 3200 mm (about 126 in).
French Guiana had a 1990 census population of 114,808; giving
an average density of 1.3 persons per sq km (3.7 persons per sq mi). Most of
the residents are Creoles, people of mixed white, Native American, and black
African descent. Native Americans, descended from the aboriginal Arawak,
Carib and Tupí-Guaraní groups, inhabit the remote interior of French Guiana.
Virtually untouched by Western civilization, they have preserved their
traditional customs. Along the waterways are the settlements of the
Saramancas, Boeschs, and Bonis, whose forebears were fugitive black slaves.
"French Guiana," Microsoft®
Encarta® 97 Encyclopedia.
© 1993-1996 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
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Last Revised:
November 17, 2007 09:00 PM. |
